Alert Types

SALLY generates alerts across six categories. Each category contains specific alert types with defined priority levels and recommended dispatcher actions. This page serves as a complete reference for every alert your fleet may encounter.

HOS Violation Alerts

Hours of Service alerts fire when a driver is approaching or has exceeded FMCSA regulatory limits. These are among the most critical alerts because HOS violations carry federal penalties.

HOS_APPROACHING_DRIVE_LIMIT

The driver is nearing the 11-hour driving limit.

FieldValue
CategoryHOS_VIOLATION
Default PriorityHIGH
TriggerLess than 1 hour of drive time remaining
{
  "id": "alt_hos001",
  "type": "HOS_APPROACHING_DRIVE_LIMIT",
  "category": "HOS_VIOLATION",
  "priority": "HIGH",
  "title": "Driver approaching 11-hour drive limit",
  "message": "Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) has 45 minutes of drive time remaining. Current route segment requires 1.2 hours. Route re-plan recommended.",
  "driverId": "drv_a1b2c3d4",
  "routePlanId": "rte_f8e7d6c5",
  "metadata": {
    "currentHoursDriven": 10.25,
    "driveTimeRemaining": 0.75,
    "nextSegmentDriveTime": 1.2,
    "recommendedAction": "PLAN_REST_STOP"
  }
}

Recommended action: Contact the driver to confirm a safe stopping location. Trigger a route re-plan to insert a rest stop before the limit is reached.

HOS_APPROACHING_DUTY_LIMIT

The driver is nearing the 14-hour on-duty limit.

FieldValue
CategoryHOS_VIOLATION
Default PriorityHIGH
TriggerLess than 1 hour of on-duty time remaining
{
  "id": "alt_hos002",
  "type": "HOS_APPROACHING_DUTY_LIMIT",
  "category": "HOS_VIOLATION",
  "priority": "HIGH",
  "title": "Driver approaching 14-hour duty limit",
  "message": "Sarah Chen (TRK-7710) has 50 minutes of on-duty time remaining. A 10-hour off-duty period is required before driving again.",
  "metadata": {
    "currentOnDutyTime": 13.17,
    "dutyTimeRemaining": 0.83,
    "recommendedAction": "PLAN_FULL_REST"
  }
}

Recommended action: Ensure the driver can reach a safe location to begin their 10-hour off-duty rest before the 14-hour window closes.

HOS_BREAK_REQUIRED

The driver must take a 30-minute break per the 8-hour rule.

FieldValue
CategoryHOS_VIOLATION
Default PriorityMEDIUM
Trigger7.5+ hours since last qualifying break
{
  "id": "alt_hos003",
  "type": "HOS_BREAK_REQUIRED",
  "category": "HOS_VIOLATION",
  "priority": "MEDIUM",
  "title": "30-minute break required soon",
  "message": "Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) has been driving for 7.5 hours since last break. A 30-minute break must be taken before 8 hours.",
  "metadata": {
    "hoursSinceBreak": 7.5,
    "breakRequiredWithin": 0.5,
    "recommendedAction": "TAKE_30_MIN_BREAK"
  }
}

Recommended action: Confirm the driver is planning to stop. The next rest area or truck stop along the route should be communicated to the driver.

HOS_VIOLATION_ACTIVE

A driver has exceeded an HOS limit. This is the most severe HOS alert.

FieldValue
CategoryHOS_VIOLATION
Default PriorityCRITICAL
TriggerAny HOS limit has been exceeded
{
  "id": "alt_hos004",
  "type": "HOS_VIOLATION_ACTIVE",
  "category": "HOS_VIOLATION",
  "priority": "CRITICAL",
  "title": "HOS VIOLATION: Drive time limit exceeded",
  "message": "VIOLATION: Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) has driven 11.3 hours, exceeding the 11-hour limit by 18 minutes. Driver must stop immediately.",
  "metadata": {
    "violationType": "DRIVE_TIME_EXCEEDED",
    "currentHoursDriven": 11.3,
    "exceededBy": 0.3,
    "recommendedAction": "STOP_IMMEDIATELY"
  }
}

Recommended action: Contact the driver immediately. The driver must cease driving at the earliest safe opportunity. Document the circumstances for compliance records.

HOS_CYCLE_APPROACHING

The driver is nearing the 70-hour/8-day cycle limit.

FieldValue
CategoryHOS_VIOLATION
Default PriorityMEDIUM
TriggerLess than 5 hours remaining in the 70-hour cycle
{
  "id": "alt_hos005",
  "type": "HOS_CYCLE_APPROACHING",
  "category": "HOS_VIOLATION",
  "priority": "MEDIUM",
  "title": "70-hour cycle limit approaching",
  "message": "Sarah Chen (TRK-7710) has used 66.5 of 70 available cycle hours. A 34-hour restart may be needed soon.",
  "metadata": {
    "currentCycleUsed": 66.5,
    "cycleTimeRemaining": 3.5,
    "recommendedAction": "PLAN_34_HOUR_RESTART"
  }
}

Recommended action: Plan upcoming loads around the cycle limit. Consider scheduling a 34-hour restart if the driver’s cycle is nearly exhausted.

Route Deviation Alerts

Route deviation alerts fire when the driver is not following the planned route.

ROUTE_DEVIATION_DETECTED

The driver has left the planned route path.

FieldValue
CategoryROUTE_DEVIATION
Default PriorityMEDIUM
TriggerDriver position more than 2 miles from planned route for more than 5 minutes
{
  "id": "alt_dev001",
  "type": "ROUTE_DEVIATION_DETECTED",
  "category": "ROUTE_DEVIATION",
  "priority": "MEDIUM",
  "title": "Route deviation detected",
  "message": "Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) has deviated from the planned route on I-65 S near Lebanon, IN. Driver is 3.2 miles off route.",
  "metadata": {
    "deviationDistanceMiles": 3.2,
    "lastKnownLocation": { "lat": 40.0417, "lon": -86.4612 },
    "plannedRouteSegment": "I-65 S toward Indianapolis",
    "durationMinutes": 8,
    "recommendedAction": "CONTACT_DRIVER"
  }
}

Recommended action: Contact the driver to understand the reason for the deviation. Common causes include construction detours, road closures, or the driver stopped for fuel or a break at an unplanned location.

UNPLANNED_STOP

The driver has stopped at an unplanned location for an extended period.

FieldValue
CategoryROUTE_DEVIATION
Default PriorityLOW
TriggerVehicle stationary at unplanned location for more than 15 minutes
{
  "id": "alt_dev002",
  "type": "UNPLANNED_STOP",
  "category": "ROUTE_DEVIATION",
  "priority": "LOW",
  "title": "Unplanned stop detected",
  "message": "Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) has been stopped at an unplanned location near Zionsville, IN for 22 minutes.",
  "metadata": {
    "stopLocation": { "lat": 39.9509, "lon": -86.2619 },
    "stopDurationMinutes": 22,
    "nearestKnownLocation": "Pilot Travel Center - Zionsville",
    "recommendedAction": "MONITOR"
  }
}

Recommended action: Monitor the situation. The driver may be taking a break, fueling, or addressing a minor issue. Escalate if the stop exceeds 45 minutes without communication.

Weather Alerts

Weather alerts fire when severe weather conditions are detected along the active route path.

SEVERE_WEATHER_WARNING

A severe weather warning is in effect along the driver’s upcoming route.

FieldValue
CategoryWEATHER
Default PriorityHIGH
TriggerNWS severe weather warning intersects route segments ahead of driver
{
  "id": "alt_wx001",
  "type": "SEVERE_WEATHER_WARNING",
  "category": "WEATHER",
  "priority": "HIGH",
  "title": "Winter storm warning on route",
  "message": "A winter storm warning is in effect along I-70 between Dayton, OH and Columbus, OH from 18:00 to 06:00 UTC. Expected: 4-6 inches of snow, reduced visibility, icy roads.",
  "metadata": {
    "weatherType": "WINTER_STORM_WARNING",
    "affectedSegments": [5, 6],
    "affectedMiles": 72.4,
    "startTime": "2026-02-10T18:00:00Z",
    "endTime": "2026-02-11T06:00:00Z",
    "source": "NWS",
    "recommendedAction": "CONSIDER_DELAY_OR_REROUTE"
  }
}

Recommended action: Evaluate whether to delay departure, reroute around the affected area, or continue with caution. Contact the driver and share weather details.

WEATHER_ADVISORY

A weather advisory (less severe than a warning) is in effect along the route.

FieldValue
CategoryWEATHER
Default PriorityLOW
TriggerNWS weather advisory intersects route
{
  "id": "alt_wx002",
  "type": "WEATHER_ADVISORY",
  "category": "WEATHER",
  "priority": "LOW",
  "title": "Wind advisory on route",
  "message": "A wind advisory is in effect along I-65 in central Indiana. Gusts up to 45 mph expected. Use caution with empty or light trailers.",
  "metadata": {
    "weatherType": "WIND_ADVISORY",
    "windSpeedMph": 45,
    "affectedSegments": [2],
    "recommendedAction": "PROCEED_WITH_CAUTION"
  }
}

Recommended action: Inform the driver. If the vehicle is running empty or with a light load, consider whether high winds pose a tip-over risk.

Mechanical Alerts

Mechanical alerts fire when vehicle telematics report issues.

ENGINE_FAULT

A diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been reported by the vehicle’s ECU.

FieldValue
CategoryMECHANICAL
Default PriorityHIGH
TriggerActive DTC received from telematics integration
{
  "id": "alt_mech001",
  "type": "ENGINE_FAULT",
  "category": "MECHANICAL",
  "priority": "HIGH",
  "title": "Engine fault code detected",
  "message": "TRK-4821 reported engine fault code P0087 (fuel rail pressure too low). Driver Mike Johnson should reduce speed and plan to stop for service.",
  "metadata": {
    "faultCode": "P0087",
    "faultDescription": "Fuel rail pressure too low",
    "vehicleId": "veh_e5f6g7h8",
    "severity": "HIGH",
    "recommendedAction": "SERVICE_REQUIRED"
  }
}

Recommended action: Contact the driver. Depending on the fault code severity, the driver may need to proceed to the nearest service location or pull over immediately.

TIRE_PRESSURE_WARNING

A tire pressure anomaly has been detected.

FieldValue
CategoryMECHANICAL
Default PriorityMEDIUM
TriggerTire pressure below threshold reported by TPMS
{
  "id": "alt_mech002",
  "type": "TIRE_PRESSURE_WARNING",
  "category": "MECHANICAL",
  "priority": "MEDIUM",
  "title": "Low tire pressure detected",
  "message": "TRK-4821 right rear outer tire pressure at 72 PSI (threshold: 95 PSI). Possible slow leak.",
  "metadata": {
    "tirePosition": "RIGHT_REAR_OUTER",
    "currentPressurePsi": 72,
    "thresholdPsi": 95,
    "recommendedAction": "INSPECT_AT_NEXT_STOP"
  }
}

Recommended action: Advise the driver to inspect the tire at the next safe stopping point. If pressure is dropping rapidly, the driver should stop immediately.

Scheduling Alerts

Scheduling alerts fire when appointments or delivery windows are at risk.

LATE_TO_APPOINTMENT

The driver will not arrive at the next stop by the scheduled time.

FieldValue
CategorySCHEDULING
Default PriorityMEDIUM
TriggerETA exceeds scheduled appointment time
{
  "id": "alt_sched001",
  "type": "LATE_TO_APPOINTMENT",
  "category": "SCHEDULING",
  "priority": "MEDIUM",
  "title": "Late arrival expected at Midwest Auto Parts",
  "message": "Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) is estimated to arrive at Midwest Auto Parts - Indianapolis at 15:45 UTC, 45 minutes after the scheduled 15:00 appointment.",
  "metadata": {
    "stopName": "Midwest Auto Parts - Indianapolis",
    "scheduledArrival": "2026-02-10T15:00:00Z",
    "estimatedArrival": "2026-02-10T15:45:00Z",
    "delayMinutes": 45,
    "cause": "TRAFFIC_DELAY",
    "recommendedAction": "NOTIFY_CUSTOMER"
  }
}

Recommended action: Notify the customer about the delayed arrival. Update the appointment window if possible. Check if the delay cascades to subsequent stops.

DOCK_DELAY

The driver is experiencing an extended wait time at a customer dock.

FieldValue
CategorySCHEDULING
Default PriorityMEDIUM
TriggerTime at dock exceeds estimated dock hours by more than 30 minutes
{
  "id": "alt_sched002",
  "type": "DOCK_DELAY",
  "category": "SCHEDULING",
  "priority": "MEDIUM",
  "title": "Dock delay at Midwest Auto Parts",
  "message": "Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) has been at dock for 2.5 hours (estimated: 1.5 hours). The 1-hour delay may impact the next stop's appointment.",
  "metadata": {
    "stopName": "Midwest Auto Parts - Indianapolis",
    "estimatedDockHours": 1.5,
    "actualDockHours": 2.5,
    "delayHours": 1.0,
    "impactsNextStop": true,
    "recommendedAction": "EVALUATE_ROUTE_REPLAN"
  }
}

Recommended action: If the delay impacts downstream stops, consider triggering a route re-plan. Notify subsequent customers of potential delays.

DELIVERY_WINDOW_MISSED

The driver has missed a delivery window entirely.

FieldValue
CategorySCHEDULING
Default PriorityHIGH
TriggerCurrent time exceeds the delivery window end time and driver has not arrived
{
  "id": "alt_sched003",
  "type": "DELIVERY_WINDOW_MISSED",
  "category": "SCHEDULING",
  "priority": "HIGH",
  "title": "Delivery window missed at Central Ohio Distribution",
  "message": "The delivery window for Central Ohio Distribution (21:00 UTC) has passed. Mike Johnson (TRK-4821) is still 48 miles away with an ETA of 22:15 UTC.",
  "metadata": {
    "stopName": "Central Ohio Distribution Center",
    "deliveryWindowEnd": "2026-02-10T21:00:00Z",
    "estimatedArrival": "2026-02-10T22:15:00Z",
    "distanceRemainingMiles": 48,
    "recommendedAction": "CONTACT_CUSTOMER_FOR_RESCHEDULE"
  }
}

Recommended action: Contact the customer to negotiate a new delivery window. Determine if the receiving facility will accept a late delivery or if the load needs to be rescheduled for the next day.

Alert Type Quick Reference

TypeCategoryDefault Priority
HOS_APPROACHING_DRIVE_LIMITHOS_VIOLATIONHIGH
HOS_APPROACHING_DUTY_LIMITHOS_VIOLATIONHIGH
HOS_BREAK_REQUIREDHOS_VIOLATIONMEDIUM
HOS_VIOLATION_ACTIVEHOS_VIOLATIONCRITICAL
HOS_CYCLE_APPROACHINGHOS_VIOLATIONMEDIUM
ROUTE_DEVIATION_DETECTEDROUTE_DEVIATIONMEDIUM
UNPLANNED_STOPROUTE_DEVIATIONLOW
SEVERE_WEATHER_WARNINGWEATHERHIGH
WEATHER_ADVISORYWEATHERLOW
ENGINE_FAULTMECHANICALHIGH
TIRE_PRESSURE_WARNINGMECHANICALMEDIUM
LATE_TO_APPOINTMENTSCHEDULINGMEDIUM
DOCK_DELAYSCHEDULINGMEDIUM
DELIVERY_WINDOW_MISSEDSCHEDULINGHIGH

Next Steps